{"id":1046,"date":"2014-04-17T17:13:16","date_gmt":"2014-04-17T15:13:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.igmgukba.org\/cenaze-ilmihal\/"},"modified":"2024-01-02T17:53:33","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T15:53:33","slug":"grundwissen-islamische-bestattung","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/ueber-uns\/grundwissen-islamische-bestattung\/","title":{"rendered":"Grundwissen f\u00fcr die islamische Bestattung"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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\u00d6ncelikle Cenaze \u0130\u015flemlerinin F\u0131khi H\u00fckm\u00fc Nedir?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n\r\n\u00d6len bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019\u0131 y\u0131kamak, kefenlemek, cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131p defnetmek M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in farz-\u0131 kif\u00e2yedir. Ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131, d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131ndan ebedi hayata irtihalinin d\u00fcnyadaki son anlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu anlarda ki\u015finin (muhtazar\u0131n) yan\u0131nda olup a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar\u0131n dikkatle yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir:\r\n

\u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131 ya\u015fayan ki\u015fiye (muhtazara) y\u00f6nelik davran\u0131\u015flar<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda (sekerat h\u00e2linde) olan ki\u015fiye nazik ve kibarca seslenilmelidir.<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. Rahats\u0131z edici bir ortam olu\u015fmamas\u0131na azami dikkat edilmelidir.<\/li>\r\n \t
  3. Muhtazar\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulunanlar sayg\u0131 ve h\u00fcrmette kusur etmemelidir.<\/li>\r\n \t
  4. E\u011fer ortam m\u00fcsait ve uygunsa haklar\u0131n helalli\u011fi dilenir; kendi haklar\u0131n\u0131n helal edildi\u011fi tebli\u011f edilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
  5. Kur\u2019an okuyup dua edilmelidir, muhtazar\u0131n yan\u0131nda Y\u00e2s\u00een ve Ra\u2019d surelerini okumak m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
  6. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ge\u00e7ici, ahiretin ise ebedi yurt oldu\u011funu, Allah (c.c.)\u2019un sonsuz rahmet ve merhamet sahibi, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131ndaki korkunun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
  7. \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 hissedildi\u011finde muhtazar\u0131n sevdi\u011fi bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan sakin ve latif bir sesle kelime-i tevhid ve kelime-i \u015fehadet c\u00fcmlelerinin tekrarlanmas\u0131 ve hat\u0131rlat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Ona \u201cSen de s\u00f6yle.\u201d denmemeli, sadece yan\u0131nda kelime-i tevhid ve kelime-i \u015fehadet okunmal\u0131d\u0131r.Bir had\u00ees-i \u015ferifte \u201cKimin son s\u00f6z\u00fc \u2018l\u00e2 il\u00e2he illallah\u2019 olursa, o ki\u015fi cennete girer.\u201d (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Cen\u00e2iz, 16) buyurulmu\u015ftur. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fiye kelime-i tevhid telkin edilmesi s\u00fcnnettir (M\u00fcslim, Cen\u00e2iz, 1). Bu telkin, t\u00f6vbeyi de i\u00e7ine alacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131labilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda bulunan ki\u015finin k\u0131bleye \u00e7evirilmesi<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131 yakla\u015fan ki\u015finin e\u011fer m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse sa\u011f taraf\u0131na do\u011fru gelecek \u015fekilde y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131bleye do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
    2. E\u011fer ki\u015fiyi \u00e7evirme imk\u00e2n\u0131 yoksa, s\u0131rt\u0131na veya ensesine yast\u0131k koyup y\u00fcz\u00fc ve ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131bleye bakacak \u015fekle getirilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
    3. E\u011fer bu \u015fekillerde \u00e7evirmek ve hareket ettirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, ki\u015finin en rahat edece\u011fi \u015fekilde b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 daha iyi olur.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

      \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetlenme durumu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
        \r\n \t
      1. \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda ki\u015fi kendinden ge\u00e7mi\u015f ya da \u00e7evresini tan\u0131m\u0131yor olabilir. Yak\u0131nlar\u0131 buna haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
      2. \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda susama h\u00e2li haricinde bacaklardan yukar\u0131 do\u011fru gelen bir h\u00e2lsizlik de s\u0131k\u00e7a m\u00fc\u015fahade edilen durumlardan biridir.<\/li>\r\n \t
      3. Ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli susamas\u0131 olabilir. Onun i\u00e7in de a\u011f\u0131z ve dudaklar\u0131n\u0131n suland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kurulu\u011fun giderilmesi tavsiye edilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
      4. A\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

        \u00d6l\u00fcm an\u0131ndan sonra meyyit hen\u00fcz uzanm\u0131\u015f durumda iken yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
          \r\n \t
        1. \u00d6lenin v\u00fccudu sertle\u015fmeden \u00f6nce hafif\u00e7e \u00e7enesinin bez t\u00fcr\u00fc bir iple ba\u011flanmas\u0131, g\u00f6zlerinin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131, elleri, ayaklar\u0131 ve kollar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcz bir \u015fekle getirilmesi gerekir. Ayaklar\u0131n tekrar a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015f parmaklar\u0131 uygun bir \u015fekilde iple ba\u011flanabilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
        2. Bunlar\u0131 yapan ki\u015fi \u015fu duay\u0131 da okuyabilir: \u201cBismill\u00e2hi al\u00e2 milleti res\u00fblill\u00e2h. All\u00e2h\u00fcmme yessir aleyhi emreh\u00fb ve sehhil aleyhi m\u00e2 ba\u2018deh\u00fb ve es\u2018idhu bi-lik\u00e2ike vec\u2018al m\u00e2 harece ileyhi hayren mimm\u00e2 harece anh\u00fc = Allah'\u0131n ad\u0131yla ve Res\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n dini \u00fczere\u2026 Ey Allah\u0131m, onun i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r ve sonras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck g\u00f6sterme. Onu, cemalinle mutlu eyle. Gitti\u011fi yeri, ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 eyle.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t
        3. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden sonra meyyitin elbisesi \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r; \u00fczeri temiz bir \u00f6rt\u00fc ile kapat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
        4. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden sonra meyyit y\u0131kanana kadar onun yan\u0131nda Kur\u2019an okunmaz. Zira mekruhtur. Fakat ba\u015fka bir odada y\u00fcksek sesle okumak mekruh olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi; \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu odada i\u00e7inden Kur\u2019an okumakta da bir sak\u0131nca yoktur.<\/li>\r\n \t
        5. Yukar\u0131da belirtilen hususlar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, imk\u00e2n d\u00e2hilinde olabilecek \u015feyler uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
        6. Meyyitin yak\u0131nlar\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini, defin ve y\u0131kama ile ilgilenecek ki\u015fileri, geciktirmeden bize h\u0131zl\u0131ca bildirmelidirler. E\u011fer y\u0131kama, defin ve sair i\u015flemlerin ba\u015flanmas\u0131na resm\u00ee makamlarca hen\u00fcz m\u00fcsaade edilmemi\u015f ise resm\u00ee makamlar\u0131n izninin beklenmesi gerekir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

          <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

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          Vefat edenin y\u0131kanmas\u0131 ve defne haz\u0131r h\u00e2le getirilmesi<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
          \r\n

          Meyyitin (\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn) y\u0131kanmas\u0131<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
            \r\n \t
          1. \u00d6len erkek veya kad\u0131n\u0131, bedenleri \u00f6rt\u00fclecek \u015fekilde kefenlemek farzd\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fc de sayg\u0131ya lay\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu sayg\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle, \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131nlar\u0131na bir teselli mahiyeti ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn hi\u00e7lik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmak amac\u0131na da y\u00f6neliktir. O \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, fakat yine insand\u0131r; bu d\u00fcnya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, fakat ba\u015fka bir \u00e2lem i\u00e7in yeniden do\u011fmu\u015ftur. \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e2deta yeni do\u011fmu\u015f bir \u00e7ocuk gibi y\u0131kanmas\u0131, bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle bu yeniden do\u011fu\u015f olay\u0131n\u0131 sembolize etmekte, bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de bu f\u00e2ni yolculu\u011fun yani d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131n\u0131n kendisi \u00fczerinde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kir, toz ve bula\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 gidermeyi temsil etmektedir. Bu y\u0131kaman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, yeni do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fa giydirilen z\u0131b\u0131n misali kefene sar\u0131l\u0131r ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimamla be\u015fi\u011fine indirilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
          2. Bir \u00f6l\u00fcy\u00fc ona en yak\u0131n olan biri veya takva sahibi g\u00fcvenilir bir kimse y\u0131kamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          3. Meyyitin y\u0131kanmasi farz-\u0131 kif\u00e2yedir. Yanm\u0131\u015f, bo\u011fulmu\u015f, \u015fi\u015fip da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlara abdest ald\u0131rmaya gerek yoktur; \u00fczerilerine sadece su d\u00f6kmekle yetinilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
          4. \u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 ile beraber v\u00fccudunun \u00e7o\u011fu bulunuyorsa y\u0131kan\u0131r, kefenlenir ve namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r. Fakat ba\u015fs\u0131z olarak yaln\u0131z v\u00fccudun yar\u0131s\u0131 bulunsa veya g\u00f6vdesinin \u00e7o\u011fu kaybolmu\u015fsa y\u0131kanmaz, kefenlenmez ve \u00fczerine namaz k\u0131l\u0131nmaz. Bir beze sar\u0131larak g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\r\n \t
          5. Cenazenin gereksiz ve sebepsiz yere geciktirilmemesi i\u00e7in meyyitin bir an \u00f6nce y\u0131kanmas\u0131, kefenlenip haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          6. Erkek meyyitleri erkekler, kad\u0131n meyyiteleri ise bayan y\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131kamas\u0131 gerekir. Y\u0131kayan ki\u015filer abdestli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          7. \u00d6l\u00fc do\u011fan \u00e7ocuk \u00f6rt\u00fc ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcp defnedilir. Y\u0131kanmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.<\/li>\r\n \t
          8. Y\u0131kanman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar kapal\u0131 bir alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekir.<\/li>\r\n \t
          9. \u0130mk\u00e2n d\u00e2hilinde meyyitin ayaklar\u0131 K\u0131bleye do\u011fru olarak tene\u015fire s\u0131rt \u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          10. Cenaze y\u0131kanan yere g\u00fczel kokular konulur.<\/li>\r\n \t
          11. Gerekli sabun ve temizlik maddeleri haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          12. Meyyitin g\u00f6bek ile diz alt\u0131 aras\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr. Avret mahalli eldiven veya bez kullan\u0131larak \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndan temizlenir; daha sonra namaz abdesti gibi abdest ald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
          13. Y\u0131kama niyet ve besmele ile ba\u015flan\u0131r, \u201cGufr\u00e2neke y\u00e2 Rab = Art\u0131k senin af ve ma\u011ffiretinle ba\u015f ba\u015fa, sen onu ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla ey rahm\u00e2n olan Allah.\u201d duas\u0131 ile devam edilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

            Meyyite abdest ald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\r\n\r\n
              \r\n \t
            1. Niyet ve besmeleden sonra meyyite abdest ald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Abdest ald\u0131rmaya y\u00fczden ba\u015flan\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131z ve buruna su verilmez. Dudaklar\u0131n i\u00e7i ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131, burun delikleri, g\u00f6bek \u00e7ukuru parmakla veya parma\u011fa sar\u0131lan bezle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe silinir. Ondan sonra elleri ve kollar\u0131 y\u0131kan\u0131r. Sahih olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re ba\u015f\u0131 da meshedilip, ayaklar\u0131 geciktirmeksizin y\u0131kan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6l\u00fcye abdest ald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/li>\r\n \t
            2. \u00dczerine namaz farz olmayan \u00e7ocuklara abdest ald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmez.<\/li>\r\n \t
            3. Abdest ald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra meyyitin \u00fczerine \u0131l\u0131k su d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\r\n \t
            4. Meyyitin \u00f6nce sol tarafa yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p sa\u011f taraf\u0131, sonra sa\u011f tarafa yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p sol taraf\u0131 y\u0131kan\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 kere tekrar edilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
            5. Bundan sonra meyyit hafif\u00e7e kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kald\u0131r\u0131\u015fta cenaze, y\u0131kayan ki\u015finin g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcne, eline veya dizine dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Sonra karn\u0131 hafif\u00e7e ovulur. Bir \u015fey \u00e7\u0131karsa su ile y\u0131kan\u0131p giderilir. Yeniden abdest verilmesine ve ba\u015ftan y\u0131kanmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.<\/li>\r\n \t
            6. Y\u0131kama i\u015fleminden sonra meyyit havlu ile kurulan\u0131r. Cenaze y\u0131kan\u0131rken pamuk kullan\u0131lmaz.<\/li>\r\n \t
            7. Sa\u00e7lar taranmaz, kesilmez, vucudun di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerindeki k\u0131llar da temizlenmez.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

              Meyyitin kefenlenmesi<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                \r\n \t
              1. \u00d6len erkek veya kad\u0131n\u0131, bedenleri \u00f6rt\u00fclecek \u015fekilde kefenlemek farzd\u0131r. Kefen, cenazenin y\u0131kan\u0131p kurulanmas\u0131ndan sonra sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bez demektir. Bu bez, bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn bedenini \u00f6rtme g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de insan\u0131n bu d\u00fcnyadan bir \u015fey g\u00f6t\u00fcremeyece\u011fini, do\u011fdu\u011fu gibi \u00e7\u0131plak ve sade gidece\u011fini temsil etmek \u00fczere yensiz, yakas\u0131z ve diki\u015fsiz sade bir bezdir.Kefenin beyaz pamuk\u00a0 bezinden olmas\u0131 faziletlidir. Kefen olarak kullan\u0131lacak bez \u00e7ok basit ve adi olmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi \u015fatafatl\u0131 olmamas\u0131na da dikkat edilmelidir.<\/li>\r\n \t
              2. Kefen d\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken koku s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00e2dettir.<\/li>\r\n \t
              3. Erkek i\u00e7in kefen \u015fekli;\r\n
                  \r\n \t
                1. Lif\u00e2fe:<\/em> T\u00fcm v\u00fccudu \u00f6rten \u00fc\u00e7 kat bezdir. Etraf\u0131 diki\u015fsiz olup, yensiz ve yakas\u0131zd\u0131r. Ba\u015ftan aya\u011fa kadar uzan\u0131r. Ba\u015f ve ayak taraflar\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlenir.\u00a0 Bu bak\u0131mdan iz\u00e2rdan biraz daha uzundur.<\/li>\r\n \t
                2. Kamis:<\/em> G\u00f6mlek \u015feklindedir. Bel \u00fcst\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr, boyun k\u0131sm\u0131ndan ayaklara kadar uzanan g\u00f6mlek yerinde bir bezdir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                3. \u0130z\u00e2r:<\/em> Etek \u015feklindedir. Eteklik yerinde, ba\u015ftan aya\u011fa kadar uzanan bir bezdir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t
                4. Bayan i\u00e7in kefen \u015fekli;\r\n
                    \r\n \t
                  1. Erkeklerde bulunmas\u0131 gerekli olan \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6rt\u00fcye ilavaten iki \u00f6rt\u00fc daha vard\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
                  2. Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/li>\r\n \t
                  3. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsten kar\u0131na kadar olan ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6rten bez par\u00e7as\u0131<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t
                  4. Buraya kadar anlat\u0131lanlar, s\u00fcnnet \u00fczere kefenleme i\u00e7in gereken bez par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. (Kefen-i s\u00fcnnet) Bu say\u0131da bez par\u00e7as\u0131 bulunamazsa, erkek i\u00e7in iz\u00e2r ve lif\u00e2fe; kad\u0131n i\u00e7in bu ikisine ilaveten bir ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olursa, bu da yeterlidir. (Kefen-i kif\u00e2ye) Bu kadar\u0131 da bulunmazsa gerek erkek, gerek kad\u0131n i\u00e7in sadece bir kat bez bulunabilirse, \u00f6l\u00fc bu tek par\u00e7a beze sar\u0131l\u0131r. (Kefen-i zar\u00fbret)<\/li>\r\n \t
                  5. \u00d6nce lif\u00e2fe tabut i\u00e7ine veya has\u0131r\/kilim gibi bir \u015fey \u00fczerine yay\u0131l\u0131r. Onun \u00fczerine iz\u00e2r serilir. Sonra da \u00f6l\u00fc, kefen g\u00f6mle\u011fi i\u00e7inde iz\u00e2r\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne konur. \u00d6l\u00fc erkek ise, iz\u00e2r \u00f6nce soluna, sonra da sa\u011f\u0131na getirilerek sar\u0131l\u0131r, sonra lif\u00e2fe de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde sar\u0131l\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan korkulursa, kefen bir ku\u015fak ile de ba\u011flanabilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                  6. \u00d6l\u00fc kad\u0131n ise, sa\u00e7lar\u0131 ikiye ayr\u0131larak kefen g\u00f6mle\u011fi \u00fczerinden g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fc \u00fczerine konulur ve \u00fcst\u00fcne, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc de \u00f6rtecek \u015fekilde ba\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc konur. Sonra \u00fczerine iz\u00e2r sar\u0131l\u0131r ve iz\u00e2r\u0131n \u00fczerinden g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ba\u011flan\u0131r. Daha sonra lif\u00e2fe sar\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc lif\u00e2feden sonra da ba\u011flanabilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                    <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

                    \r\n
                    \r\n

                    Cenaze namaz\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve cenaze namaz\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6zet hususlar<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
                    \r\n

                    Cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131khi h\u00fckm\u00fc<\/h4>\r\na.\u00a0Cenaze namaz\u0131 farz-\u0131 kif\u00e2yedir.\r\n

                    Cenaze namaz\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                      \r\n \t
                    1. Cenaze namaz\u0131 mescitlerin avlusunda k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r ve cenaze \u00f6n tarafta olur.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    2. Bayanlar erkeklerin gerisinde durarak cenaze namaz\u0131na kat\u0131labilirler.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    3. Cenaze namaz\u0131na duran cemaatin ayakkablar\u0131n\u0131 Hanef\u00ee mezhebine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u0131kartmalar\u0131 gerekmez.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    4. \u0130mk\u00e2n d\u00e2hilinde meyyitin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn Mekke\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fck bir \u015fekilde bulundurulmas\u0131 ve o \u015fekilde namaz\u0131n d\u00fczenlemesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    5. Cenaze namaz\u0131 ayakta k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    6. Cenazede meyittin cinsine g\u00f6re niyet edilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                      Cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                        \r\n \t
                      1. Cenaze namaz\u0131 d\u00f6rt tekbirden olu\u015fur. Birinci tekbirde subh\u00e2nke duas\u0131 \u201cve celle san\u00e2\u00fck\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131 ile birlikte, ikinci tekbirde salli ve b\u00e2rik dualar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tekbirde cenaze namaz\u0131 duas\u0131 okunur. Bu duay\u0131 bilmeyenler dua mahiyetinde F\u00e2tiha suresini okur. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc tekbirden sonra selam verilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                      2. Cenaze \u00e7ocuksa ve canl\u0131 do\u011fduktan sonra \u00f6ld\u00fc ise cenaze namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r. \u00c7ocuk canl\u0131 olarak do\u011fmad\u0131 ise, cenaze namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmaz.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                        Cenaze namaz\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131nma zaman\u0131<\/h4>\r\nG\u00fcne\u015f do\u011farken, batarken ve tam g\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda bulunurken cenaze namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 mekruhtur, k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131rsa iadesi gerekmez. Lakin bu vakitlerde defin mekruh de\u011fildir.\r\n

                        Cenazeye sayg\u0131<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                          \r\n \t
                        1. Cenazeye gerekli sayg\u0131 ve h\u00fcrmetin g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                        2. Elbiseler bayram havas\u0131nda olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Allah\u2019a isyan anlam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erecek \u015fekilde d\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcp, sa\u00e7 ba\u015f yolmamak ve yersiz s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylememek \u015fart\u0131yla cenaze i\u00e7in kalben kederlenmek ve g\u00f6z ya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kerek a\u011flamak do\u011fald\u0131r ve bu g\u00fcnah de\u011fildir. \u00d6l\u00fc, kendisi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda vasiyet etmedik\u00e7e, arkas\u0131ndan a\u011flayanlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kabrinde azap \u00e7ekmez.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                          <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

                          \r\n
                          \r\n

                          Defin<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
                          \r\n

                          Cenazenin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                            \r\n \t
                          1. Cenazeyi te\u015fy\u00ee etmek, yani arkas\u0131ndan mezara kadar gitmek s\u00fcnnettir. Bunda b\u00fcy\u00fck sevap vard\u0131r. Hatta akraba veya kom\u015fulardan olup iyi h\u00e2liyle bilinmi\u015f ki\u015filerin cenazesini te\u015fy\u00ee etmenin nafile namazdan daha faziletli olaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                          2. Cenazenin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda s\u00fcnnet olan \u015fekil, d\u00f6rt ki\u015finin d\u00f6rt taraftan cenazeyi y\u00fcklenmesidir. Her bir taraftan s\u0131rayla y\u00fcklenip onar ad\u0131m, toplam k\u0131rk ad\u0131m g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r. Cenaze \u00f6nce \u00f6n taraftan sa\u011f omuza, sonra ayak taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011f omuza al\u0131n\u0131r. Sonra yine \u00f6n taraftan bu defa sol omuza, sonra arka taraftan sol omuza al\u0131r. Her bir omuzlamada onar ad\u0131m y\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/li>\r\n \t
                          3. Cenazeyi takip edenlerin, cenazenin arkas\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcmeleri daha faziletli olmakla birlikte, \u00f6nden y\u00fcr\u00fcmekte de bir sak\u0131nca yoktur. Cenazeyi yaya olarak takip etmek binitli olarak takipten daha faziletlidir. E\u011fer binitli olarak takip edilecekse, cemaati rahats\u0131z etmemek i\u00e7in ya en \u00f6nden gitmek ya da cemaatin arkas\u0131ndan gelmek uygun olur. Cenaze vakar i\u00e7inde izlenmeli, cenaze ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ortam\u0131na uygun d\u00fc\u015fecek \u015fekilde davran\u0131lmal\u0131, gerekmedik\u00e7e konu\u015fulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lacak i\u015f, dua, tefekk\u00fcr ve tezekk\u00fcr etmektir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                          4. Cenaze topra\u011fa konulmadan \u00f6nce oturulmamas\u0131; cenaze topra\u011fa konulduktan sonra ise, ayakta kal\u0131nmamas\u0131 uygundur.<\/li>\r\n \t
                          5. Mezarl\u0131k, duruma g\u00f6re bir insan boyunda ortalama 150 cm derin ve 100 cm geni\u015f olabilir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                            Cenaze topra\u011fa koyulurken<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                              \r\n \t
                            1. Cenaze k\u0131ble taraf\u0131ndan kabre indirilir, sa\u011f yan\u0131 \u00fczerine k\u0131bleye d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve kefen \u00fczerinde ba\u011f varsa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            2. Cenazeyi kabre koyan ki\u015filer \u201cBismill\u00e2hi ve al\u00e2 milleti res\u00fblill\u00e2h = Allah\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131yla ve el\u00e7isinin dini \u00fczere\u201d derler. Cenazeyi kabre koyacak ki\u015filerin say\u0131s\u0131 ihtiyaca g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            3. Meyyiti sa\u011f taraf\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131p, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn Mekke\u2019ye \u00e7evirilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            4. Meyyit topra\u011fa indirilirken indirenlerin, \u201cBismill\u00e2hi ve al\u00e2 milleti res\u00fblillah\u201d c\u00fcmlelerini s\u00f6ylemeleri m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            5. Bayanlar\u0131n topra\u011fa indirilmesinde yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n indirmesi tavsiye edilir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            6. Definde bulunan ki\u015filerin kabir \u00fczerine \u00fc\u00e7 avu\u00e7 toprak atarak birinci defada \u201cSizi bundan (topraktan) yaratt\u0131k.\u201d, ikincisinde \u201cSizi tekrar topra\u011fa iade edece\u011fiz.\u201d, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcnde de \u201cSizi bir kez daha topraktan \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d demeleri m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            7. Mezar\u0131n iki kar\u0131\u015f y\u00fckseltilerek t\u00fcmsek h\u00e2le getirilmesi de menduptur.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            8. Kabrin gereksiz masrafl\u0131 ve \u015fatafatl\u0131 yap\u0131lardan olmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                            9. Kabirlerin temiz tutulmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                              <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

                              \r\n
                              \r\n

                              Mezar\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
                              \r\n
                                \r\n \t
                              1. Cenazenin defni \u00fczerinden bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7tikten sonra, orada Kur\u2019an okumakbaz\u0131 toplumlarda ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genellikle M\u00fclk, V\u00e2k\u0131a, \u0130hl\u00e2s, Felak ve N\u00e2s sureleri, sonra F\u00e2tiha ile Bakara suresinin ilk be\u015f ayeti okunur. Sevab\u0131 da cenazenin ve di\u011fer m\u00fcminlerin ruhlar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dua edilir ve yava\u015f yava\u015f cemaat da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r. Peygamberimiz bir cenaze g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra bunlar\u0131 yapmamakla beraber hemen d\u00f6nmez, bir m\u00fcddet mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bekler ve cemaate \u015f\u00f6yle derdi: \u201cKarde\u015finiz i\u00e7in y\u00fcce Allah\u2019tan ma\u011ffiret isteyiniz ve kendisine s\u00fck\u00fbnet vermesini dileyiniz. O \u015fimdi sorguya \u00e7ekilmektedir.\u201d (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Cen\u00e2iz, 67-69)<\/li>\r\n \t
                              2. \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn velisi, \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6m\u00fclmesinin ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak yedinci g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar, imk\u00e2n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde fakirlere sadaka vermeli ve sevab\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcye ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu bir s\u00fcnnettir. Bunu yapamazsa iki rek\u00e2t namaz k\u0131larak sevab\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcye ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar. \u00d6l\u00fc sahiplerinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn birinci, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcnlerinde veya haftas\u0131nda yemek vermeleri konusunda herhangi bir s\u00fcnnet veya tavsiye bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, \u00f6l\u00fc sahiplerine eziyet olmamak, gere\u011finden fazla \u00f6nemsememek (yani bunu din\u00ee bir g\u00f6rev saymamak) \u015fart\u0131yla ve daha ziyade fakirlerin doyurulmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak bu zamanlarda yemek verilebilir. Kom\u015fular\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde, \u00f6l\u00fc sahipleri i\u00e7in yemek haz\u0131rlay\u0131p getirmeleri, yayg\u0131n olarak yap\u0131lan g\u00fczel \u00e2detlerdendir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                                <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

                                \r\n
                                \r\n

                                Taziye<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n
                                \r\n

                                \u00d6l\u00fclerin y\u00e2d edilmesi<\/h4>\r\na.\u00a0Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.v.), \u201d\u00d6l\u00fclerinizin g\u00fczel i\u015flerini y\u00e2d edin, k\u00f6t\u00fc taraflar\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmeyin.\u201d (Tirmiz\u00ee, Cen\u00e2iz, 34) buyurarak, \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015flerimizi hay\u0131rla anmam\u0131z\u0131, iyi taraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye etmi\u015ftir.\r\n

                                Taziye S\u00f6zleri ve S\u00fcresi<\/h4>\r\n\r\n
                                  \r\n \t
                                1. Taziye, \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131nlar\u0131na m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca teselli edici, rahatlat\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemek ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekten ibarettir. \u00c7o\u011funlukla \u201cAllah size g\u00fczel sab\u0131rlar ihsan etsin ve m\u00fck\u00e2fat\u0131n\u0131 versin.\u201d, \u201cBa\u015f\u0131n\u0131z sa\u011f olsun! Allah geride kalanlara \u00f6m\u00fcr versin!\u201d gibi s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylenir.<\/li>\r\n \t
                                2. Taziye s\u00fcresi, ayn\u0131 yerde ya\u015fayanlar i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Taziyenin \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fc sahipleri normal hayata daha \u00e7abuk d\u00f6nebilsinler diye, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden sonra taziyede bulunmak mekruh kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                                  <\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n

                                  \r\n
                                  \r\n

                                  Cenaze kavramlar\u0131 ve anlamlar\u0131<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nCenaze: \u00f6l\u00fc, tabut veya tene\u015fir Muhtazar: son nefesine yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6lmek \u00fczere olan ki\u015fi Meyyit (\u00e7o\u011fulu mevt\u00e2): \u00f6len ki\u015fi Te\u00e7hiz: \u00f6l\u00fc i\u00e7in genel olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken haz\u0131rl\u0131klar Gasil: \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131kanmas\u0131 Tekfin: \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn kefenlenmesi Te\u015fy\u00ee: \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn tabuta konulup musall\u00e2ya yani cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 yere ve namazdan sonra kabristana ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Defin: \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn kabre konulmas\u0131 Telkin: muhtazar\u0131n yan\u0131nda kelime-i tevhid ve kelime-i \u015fehadet okunmas\u0131; definden sonra, sorulmas\u0131 muhtemel sorular\u0131 ve cevaplar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcye hat\u0131rlatma konu\u015fmas\u0131 Taziye: \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131nlar\u0131na ba\u015fsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dilenmesi \n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1382,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"knol.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046\/"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page\/"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1\/"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments\/?post=1046"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046\/revisions\/"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2230,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046\/revisions\/2230\/"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1382\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ukba.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/?parent=1046"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}